Abstract
BackgroundThe microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has a more favorable clinical outcome and is characterized by highly upregulated expression of various immunological checkpoints than microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a circulating protein and circulates throughout the body to remove cellular debris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MSI status and AIM levels in CRC patients.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the levels of AIM by Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) in serum of 430 CRC patients. All patients’ clinical and laboratory characteristics at initial diagnosis were collected. The relationship between AIM levels and MSI status was examined.Results64 patients (14.9%) were identified as having MSI-H (high-frequency MSI) and 366 casess (85.1%) having MSS. Patients with an MSI-H phenotype had lower AIM levels compared with MSS patients. Moreover, AIM levels were correlated with histological type and MSI status. Logistic regression analysis revealed that decreased AIM levels were independently associated with MSI-H phenotype after adjusting confounding factors.ConclusionReduced AIM levels are associated with MSI-H subtyping of CRC. Further research on the involvement of AIM in MSI-H CRC is needed.
Highlights
The microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has a more favorable clinical outcome and is characterized by highly upregulated expression of various immunological checkpoints than microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors
Recent studies revealed that Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) plays key roles in lipid accumulation, acute kidney injury, acute myocardial infarction, acute lung injury, sepsis, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
The factors found to be significantly associated with MSI was graded as high (MSI-H) in the regression analysis included BMI, WBC, platelet count, AIM, tumor size, tumor location, histological type, Table 3 Baseline characteristics of CRC patients according to AIM levels
Summary
The microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has a more favorable clinical outcome and is characterized by highly upregulated expression of various immunological checkpoints than microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a circulating protein and circulates throughout the body to remove cellular debris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MSI status and AIM levels in CRC patients. More than 20% of CRC patients were diagnosed with distant metastasis at Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a circulating protein of approximately 40 kDa and mainly produced by tissue-resident macrophages, including liver Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages [6]. Huang et al BMC Gastroenterol (2020) 20:373 superfamily, is discharged from a macrophage and circulates throughout the body to remove cellular debris [7].
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