Abstract
The apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) polymorphism has been reported to predispose to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the results remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to provide insights into the association between APOC3 polymorphisms and NAFLD risk. Studies with terms "NALFD" and "APOC3" were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases up to August 1, 2019. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the association of APOC3 polymorphisms and NAFLD risk were calculated using fixed and random-effects models. A total of twelve studies from eleven articles were included. Of them, eight studies (1750 cases and 2181 controls) reported the strong association of variant rs2854116 with NAFLD and six studies (1523 cases and 1568 controls) found the association of rs2854117 polymorphism with NAFLD. Overall, a statistically significant association between rs2854116 polymorphism of APOC3 gene and NAFLD risk was found only under dominant model. However, association of rs2854117 polymorphism with NAFLD risk was not detected under all four genetic models. In sub-group analysis of NAFLD subjects based on country, no association among them in China was detected. Besides, four studies analyze the association between the two polymorphisms and clinical characteristics in all subjects or NAFLD patients, and we also failed detect any association between the wild carriers and variant carriers. The meta-analyses suggests that the rs2854116 polymorphism but not rs2854117 polymorphism in APOC3 gene might be a risk factor for NAFLD among Asians. That is, individuals with CT+CC genotype have higher risk of developing NAFLD. However, studies with sufficient sample size are needed for the further validation.
Highlights
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common cause of liver disease worldwide with prevalence varying from 15% to 40% in general population depending on the demographic area 1
Only one study focused on Indian population, our result suggested that the apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene polymorphism T-455C was significantly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Many candidate genes were reported to be associated with NAFLD risk, such as TNF-α, PNPLA3, APOC3, PPAR-γ and adiponectin . 34-37 Our previous study[38] performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between adiponectin polymorphisms and NAFLD susceptibility and the result suggested that adiponectin +45T>G and −11377C>G polymorphisms might be a risk factor for NAFLD, and +276G>T polymorphism may be a protective factor for NAFLD among Asians
Summary
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common cause of liver disease worldwide with prevalence varying from 15% to 40% in general population depending on the demographic area 1. Among more affluent regions of China, the community prevalence is about 15% 2,3 The spectrum of this disease ranges from bland steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and occasionally to hepatocellular carcinoma 4. The apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) polymorphism has been reported to predispose to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This meta-analysis aimed to provide insights into the association between APOC3 polymorphisms and NAFLD risk. A statistically significant association between rs2854116 polymorphism of APOC3 gene and NAFLD risk was found only under dominant model. Association of rs2854117 polymorphism with NAFLD risk was not detected under all four genetic models. Association between APOC3 polymorphisms and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk: a meta-analysis.
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