Association Between Antihypertensive Medications and Fracture Risk in Elderly Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Abstract

Background The use of antihypertensive medications is common among older adults to manage hypertension and prevent cardiovascular events. However, the potential impact of these medications on bone health and the risk of fractures remains a concern. This study investigates the association between antihypertensive medication use and fracture risk in elderly individuals. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2023 to July 2024, including 299 elderly patients (aged ≥65) diagnosed with hypertension and currently using antihypertensive medications. Data were collected from medical records, focusing on demographics, fracture incidence, comorbid conditions, and medication use. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between antihypertensive use and fracture risk, adjusting for confounders. Results Among the participants, 110 reported falls, and 88 (29.43%) sustained fractures. Fractures were more prevalent among females (63.6%) and those aged 75-84 years (45.5%). A history of falls, mobility difficulties, osteoporosis, and urinary incontinence were significantly associated with fractures. While most antihypertensive classes did not show a significant association with fracture risk, diuretics were associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk of fractures (OR 2.30, p=0.037). Conclusions This study highlights the need for careful consideration of fracture risk in elderly patients using antihypertensive medications, particularly diuretics. Healthcare providers should balance the benefits of blood pressure control with the potential risk of fractures in this population.