Abstract
Background: China began to carry out fine particulate matter (PM2.5) monitoring in 2013 and the amount of related research is low, especially in areas with lighter air pollution. This study aims to explore the association between PM2.5 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebral vascular disease (EVD) mortality in areas with lighter air pollution. Methods: Data on resident mortality, air pollution and meteorology in Shenzhen during 2013–2015 were collected and analyzed using semi-parametric generalized additive models (GAM) with Poisson distribution of time series analysis. Results: Six pollutants were measured at seven air quality monitoring sites, including PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3. The PM2.5 daily average concentration was 35.0 ± 21.9 μg/m3; the daily average concentration range was from 7.1 μg/m3 to 137.1 μg/m3. PM2.5 concentration had significant effects on CVD, IHD and EVD mortality. While PM2.5 concentration of lag5 and lag02 rose by 10 μg/m3, the excess risk (ER) of CVD mortality were 1.50% (95% CI: 0.51–2.50%) and 2.09% (95% CI: 0.79–3.41%), respectively. While PM2.5 concentration of lag2 and lag02 rose by 10 μg/m3, the ER of IHD mortality were 2.87% (95% CI: 0.71–5.07%) and 3.86% (95% CI: 1.17–6.63%), respectively. While PM2.5 concentration of lag4 and lag04 rose by 10 μg/m3, the ER of EVD mortality were 2.09% (95% CI: 2.28–3.92%) and 3.08% (95% CI: 0.68–5.53%), respectively. Conclusions: PM2.5 increased CVD mortality. The government needs to strengthen the governance of air pollution in areas with a slight pollution.
Highlights
The 2006 World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines recommend using particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of under 2.5 microns, rather than particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns (PM10 ), as an indicator of air particle concentration [1]
This study aims to explore the association between PM2.5 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebral vascular disease (EVD) mortality in areas with lighter air pollution in China
In residents that died from CVD, 3,188 people died because of IHD, accounting for 21.9% of the total CVD deaths; 0–14 people died due to IHD every day; the average age of IHD death was 66.6 years old, and the age range was 0–109 years old
Summary
The 2006 World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines recommend using particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of under 2.5 microns (fine particulate matter, PM2.5 ), rather than particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns (PM10 ), as an indicator of air particle concentration [1]. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) is consistently associated with adverse human health [2,3,4] and is of great concern to the general public. China began to carry out fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) monitoring in 2013 and the amount of related research is low, especially in areas with lighter air pollution. This study aims to explore the association between PM2.5 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebral vascular disease (EVD) mortality in areas with lighter air pollution. While PM2.5 concentration of lag and lag rose by 10 μg/m3 , the excess risk (ER) of CVD mortality were 1.50% (95% CI: 0.51–2.50%) and 2.09% (95% CI: 0.79–3.41%), respectively. While PM2.5 concentration of lag and lag rose by 10 μg/m3 , the ER of IHD mortality were 2.87% (95% CI: 0.71–5.07%) and 3.86%
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