Association between 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and erythrocyte n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Korean subjects with hypertension

Abstract

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known to have antihypertensive properties, but the association between 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and the tissue content of n-3 PUFA remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that the level of erythrocyte n-3 PUFA is inversely related with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure after adjustment for relevant confounders. Fifty-one male and 49 female Korean patients were included in this study. Twenty-seven of the patients were defined as having hypertension. There were significant differences in age, body mass index, sex, marital status, and family history of hyperlipidemia between hypertensive and nonhypertensive subjects, and these factors were therefore considered to be confounding factors. Multivariate-adjusted regression analysis showed that erythrocyte fatty acids were not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension after adjusting for confounders. However, Pearson correlation analysis showed that 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly and negatively correlated with n-3 PUFA (r = -0.228, P = .027) and eicosapentaenoic acid (r = -0.270, P = .008), but not with docosahexaenoic acid (r = -0.156, P = .131). Multivariate-adjusted regression analysis also showed that intake of protein, vitamin B(2), vitamin E, and cholesterol increased the risk of hypertension after adjusting for confounders. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that fat and cholesterol consumption was positively correlated with SBP, but carbohydrate intake was negatively correlated with SBP. In conclusion, erythrocyte n-3 PUFA did not reduce the risk of hypertension but were negatively correlated with 24-hour ambulatory SBP in the Korean population.