Abstract
We conducted a prospective household transmission study to examine whether receipt of 2009 trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) was associated with increased risk of influenza-like illness (ILI) among contacts of confirmed pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 patients. In the week following onset of pandemic illness in a household member, 46 (15%) of 304 TIV-vaccinated contacts, and 174 (15%) of 1,162 unvaccinated contacts developed ILI (p=0.95). Receipt of 2009 TIV had no effect on one's risk of pandemic illness.
Highlights
Four recently described observational studies from Canada found that receipt of 2008–09 trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) was associated with increased risk of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 during the spring and summer of 2009 [1,2]
We conducted a prospective household transmission study during the first ten weeks of the influenza season in Western Australia (29 May–7 August 2009) and examined whether prior vaccination with seasonal 2009 TIV increased the risk of developing influenzalike illness (ILI) among household contacts
A total of 220 (15%) of all household contacts developed ILI within seven days of the onset of illness in the index case; 27 of 29 household contacts with ILI who had a PCR specimen collected within 48 hours of symptom onset were positive for pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 infection
Summary
Four recently described observational studies from Canada found that receipt of 2008–09 trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) was associated with increased risk of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 during the spring and summer of 2009 [1,2]. Determining whether a seasonal influenza vaccine that does not contain pandemic viral antigens can affect one’s risk of subsequent infection with the pandemic strain has important implications for public health, as well as our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of influenza infection. We conducted a prospective household transmission study during the first ten weeks of the influenza season in Western Australia (29 May–7 August 2009) and examined whether prior vaccination with seasonal 2009 TIV increased the risk of developing influenzalike illness (ILI) among household contacts. Our results should be applicable to the experience in the northern hemisphere as the vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization for use during the 2009 southern hemisphere influenza season was identical to that used in the 2008–09 northern hemisphere influenza season (i.e. A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1)-like virus, A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)-like virus, and B/ Florida/4/2006-like virus) [3,4]
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