Abstract
Anterior disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) is considered one of the most common disorders within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), with a prevalence of 41% in adults. Matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in the degradation of the TMJ and the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) 1607 1G/2G polymorphism increases the local expression of MMP1 thus leading to accelerated degradation of the extracellular matrix. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the 1607 1G/2G polymorphism of MMP1 gene and DDWR in a group of Mexican individuals from western Mexico. A total of 67 unrelated individuals, between the ages of 18 and 36 years, of both genders, were included in this study. Study participants with DDWR were required to meet the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD), while a second control group of 90 individuals without DDWR were also included. Both groups were required to have paternal and maternal ancestry (grandparents) of the same geographic and ethnic region. Genotypes were determined using the nested PCR technique. The 1G/2G polymorphism was found in 68.7%, followed by 2G/2G in 25.4% and 1G/1G in 6.0% of the cases group. While the prevalence in the control group was 55.5% for the 1G/2G polymorphism, 26.6% for 1G/1G and 17.7% for 2G/2G. An association was found between the 2G allele of the 1607 1G/2G polymorphism of MMP1 gene and the presence of DDWR in the patients of western Mexico.
Highlights
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that include the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), the masticatory muscles and all associated tissues [1].These disorders impact approximately 5-12% of the general population in the United States [2]
Internal derangements are defined as deviations in the position or form of the tissues within TMJ capsule; DDWR occurs when the articular disc is anteriorly displaced relative to the condylar head in the closed mouth position and restores its normal physiological relation with the affected condyle during mouth opening, the disc reduction is usually accompanied by articular noises [6]
With respect to the genotypic frequency of the polymorphism in cases, the most frequent genotype associated with DDWR was 1G/2G (68.7%), followed by 2G/2G (25.4%) and 1G/1G (6.0%)
Summary
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that include the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), the masticatory muscles and all associated tissues [1]. These disorders impact approximately 5-12% of the general population in the United States [2]. The most common subtypes of TMDs include painrelated disorders, such as myofascial pain, arthralgia, and disorders associated with the TMJ, primarily internal derangements, degenerative joint disease, including associated biopsychosocial conditions [4,5].
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