Abstract
ABSTRACT The cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. for biodiesel production is possible in salinized areas; however, biomass production is limited in these soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a promising alternative for bioremediation in salinized soils. Yet, salinity also affects the AMF at the time of colonization and, in this case, the symbiosis is not always established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that three AMF species commonly found in saline soils are associated with J. curcas and if seedlings previously inoculated with these AMF are more tolerant to salt stress. Two trials were performed: the first one was carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments (control, Rhizophagus intraradices, Gigaspora albida, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and the three species together) and six repetitions to investigate the formation of symbiosis among species; and the second trial was carried out in randomized blocks in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (2, 5, 8, and 10 dS m-1, with and without mycorrhizae) with eight repetitions to verify the development and mycorrhizal dependency (MD) of the seedlings previously inoculated, in salinized environment. The three species of AMF are associated with J. curcas both alone and together. Mycorrhizal dependency increased with salinity, indicating that J. curcas is a facultative species. The pre-colonized seedlings with AMF are an alternative to the establishment of J. curcas in salinized soils.
Highlights
Jatrophas curcas L. is a Euphorbiaceae species with potential for biodiesel production (Nass et al, 2007)
The three Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species were associated with the roots of J. curcas in 100% of the inoculated seedlings and a large number of vesicles, arbuscules, and hyphae were observed (Figure 2)
The same pattern was observed in Schenck & Smith (1982), as well as in records of the international collection of culture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - INVAM (Morton, 2002)
Summary
Jatrophas curcas L. is a Euphorbiaceae species with potential for biodiesel production (Nass et al, 2007). The areas with perspective for the cultivation of this oleaginous plant increases (Ohland et al, 2014), as well as the oil production for biodiesel. Cultivation of J. curcas is aimed, in particular, to small properties, but not to replace crops or occupy productive areas (de Arruda et al, 2004). This species has been considered as an alternative for revegetation and recovery of abandoned areas, as well as for the occupation of dry and salinized areas (Gübitz et al, 1999). An example of such areas is the Pernambuco state in the Brazilian northeast. The area has potential for the production of J. curcas (Rocha et al, 2016), but is one of the regions that most suffers with salinization (Oliveira et al, 2002)
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