Abstract
Changes in dietary vitamin C intake have been related to the risks of various cancers. However, the association between dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of ovarian cancer has not been fully determined. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin C intake and ovarian cancer risk. Observational studies that evaluated the association between vitamin C intake and ovarian cancer risk were identified via systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases. A random-effect model was used to combine relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). As a result, 16 studies (5 cohort studies and 11 case–control studies) with 4553 cases and 439,741 participants were included. Pooled results showed that dietary vitamin C intake had non-significant association on the risk of ovarian cancer (RR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.81–1.11, I2 = 52.1%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.008). Subgroup analyses according to characteristics including geographic location and study design showed consistent results with the overall result. In summary, findings from the present study indicated that dietary vitamin C intake is not associated with the risk of ovarian cancer.
Highlights
According to Globocan’s estimate in 2018, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 9.6 million deaths [1]
Dietary vitamin C intake has been linked to many cancers, such as pancreatic cancer [6,7], cervical neoplasia [8], renal cell carcinoma [9], esophageal cancer [10], prostate cancer [11], and so on
Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) Patients: patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer and ≥18 years of age; (2) Study design: all the observational studies were acceptable; (3) Interested and outcomes: the studies should assess the association about dietary vitamin C intake on the risk of ovarian cancer; (4) Data: the study should provide the available data of relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI)
Summary
According to Globocan’s estimate in 2018, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 9.6 million deaths [1]. Ovarian cancer is still the most deadly gynecologic malignancy [2]. It is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women [2,3]. Previous paper estimated that there were 22,440 new cases and 14,080 deaths of ovarian cancer in 2017 [2]. Primary prevention of ovarian cancer is necessary. No comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to explore the relationship about vitamin C intake on the risk of ovarian cancer recently. Several studies have investigated the effectiveness of dietary vitamin C intake on the risk of ovarian cancer, and these results should be re-evaluated to provide robust pooled results. The current meta-analysis of available observational studies was conducted to determine the role of vitamin C intake on the risk of ovarian cancer
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