Abstract
The lack of basic water supply and treatment facilities during China’s urbanization and industrialization process has resulted in a large amount of wastewater pollution, with the most serious water diseases being water-borne endemic fluorosis and arsenic poisoning, which have affected more than 20 million people. This research therefore uses the improved modified undesirable dynamic network model to analyze data of 31 provincial administrative regions to focus on the associated effects and efficiency evaluation between wastewater pollution and water disease in China. The results show that the efficiency of water pollution disease in all four regions of the country and the total efficiency in the east, west, and central regions all show a decreasing trend, while the efficiency scores and rankings of all provinces and cities within the region fluctuate greatly. The eastern region with the most developed economy has the best overall performance, with higher efficiency in water consumption and water disease control. However, the efficiency of wastewater treatment in northeast China is stable and better. Given the high level of the nation’s economic development and the results of efficiency in water pollution and water diseases, improving the efficiency and quality of wastewater treatment in China is regarded as an important factor for achieving the strategic goal of green growth.
Highlights
Water is the basic requirement for maintaining life and health, and 70.8% of the earth is covered by water, freshwater resources are still extremely limited [1]
China’s social and economic development ranks at the forefront of the world, but its water shortage problem is very serious
We study economic, wastewater discharge, and wastewater pollution efficiencies, explore the government’s wastewater treatment input, and water disease efficiency
Summary
Water is the basic requirement for maintaining life and health, and 70.8% of the earth is covered by water, freshwater resources are still extremely limited [1]. In the face of increasing demand, water issues are a top priority to resolve for any country targeting economic growth. At the end of 2018, the country had total water resources of 2796 billion cubic meters or 2004 cubic meters per person, taking up one quarter of the world’s average [2]. China is one of 13 water-poor countries in the United Nations, especially in the north and parts of the east where per capita water resources are seriously low [3]. The regional distribution of water resources per capita in China is inversely proportional to the level of regional economic development. In the economically developed Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, per capita water resources are less, while in the economically underdeveloped southwest region, per capita water resources exceed the national average level. With continuous development of its economy and the increasing living standard of residents, water consumption continues to be very high, with total water consumption of
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