Abstract
Objetivo:Analisar a associação entre o declínio cognitivo e a qualidade de vida de idosos hipertensos.Métodos:Pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa com delineamento analítico transversal, com 125 idosos hipertensos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos no Programa HIPERDIA, de São Luís-MA. Para a avaliação do declínio cognitivo, aplicou-se o Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e para avaliar a qualidade de vida, o Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). A normalidade dos dados foi testada por meio do teste de Shapiro-Wilk, utilizando-se ainda o teste de Mann Whitney (qualidade de vida). Para testar a associação entre declínio cognitivo e qualidade de vida, usou-se o coeficiente de Spearman.Resultados:A prevalência de declínio cognitivo foi de 20,80%, com predominância em idosos com baixa escolaridade (45,83%). Idosos hipertensos com declínio cognitivo apresentaram pior qualidade de vida, comparados aos idosos hipertensos sem declínio cognitivo. Houve associação positiva da função cognitiva com a qualidade de vida nos domínios: capacidade funcional (r=0,222; p=0,01), dor (r=0,1871; p=0,04) e aspectos emocionais (r=0,3136; p=0,0005).Conclusão:Os resultados encontrados neste estudo sugerem que o declínio cognitivo afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida do idoso hipertenso, na medida em que limita a capacidade de realização de atividades do cotidiano, principalmente se associado a quadros dolorosos e alterações emocionais.
Highlights
The growth of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon with direct consequences on public health systems
According to the presence of cognitive decline, there was a notable inversion of the results and it became clear that the majority of the elderly individuals with cognitive decline completed less than four years of study, thereby confirming the correlation between scores on the cognitive screening test (MMSE) and education levels
The aim of the present study was to analyze the correlation between cognitive decline and the quality of life of hypertensive elderly patients
Summary
The growth of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon with direct consequences on public health systems. In Brazil, this phenomenon is strongly linked to several important processes, such as the significant decrease in fertility and birth rates, the progressive increase in life expectancy, advances in technology, access to health services and cultural changes, among other factors.[1]. The aging process involves alterations that tend to affect the activities of daily living, without necessarily threatening the autonomy of the elderly individual. When this process is accompanied by chronic and progressive conditions that compromise the vascular and nervous systems, among others, cerebral problems are more severe and functional losses may follow. The cognitive functions of the elderly are affected by alterations that may interfere in their activities of daily living.[3]
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