Associação de sintomas de rinoconjuntivite e asma em adolescentes

Abstract

Aim – Our study aimed to determine the rate of association of rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma symptoms in adolescents to analyse whether asthma symptoms are more severe and frequent in asthmatics with concomitant allergic rhinitis and assess if adolescents are aware of having rhinoconjunctivitis.Methods – A cross-sectional study, with two components: a study in prevalence and an inter-case study (rhinitis symptoms) with a comparison group (no rhinitis symptoms), based on information from questionnaires applied in phase 3 of ISAAC in Recife in 2002.Results – Associated rhinoconjunctivitis and probable asthma symptoms were observed in 5.1% of adolescents (48/940; CI 95%: 3.8 %-6.6%), probable asthma alone in 10.9% (103/940; CI 95%: 9.1%-13.1%) and rhinoconjunctivitis alone in 9.7% (91/940; CI 95%: 7.9%-13%). Among the rhinitisbearing adolescents, almost 81.3% (39/48) had persistent probable asthma and 31.8% (48/151) of asthmatic patients rhinoconjunctivitis. 65.1% (86/132) of adolescents with diagnosed rhinitis were unaware of rhinitis symptoms.Conclusions – The association of rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma symptoms is frequent and associated to more severe asthma symptoms. Adolescents’ unawareness of rhinitis symptoms reflects the underdiagnosis that can result in downplaying the symptoms, and the consequent undertreatment.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (4): 613-628