Abstract
Background: Person with Alzheimer Disease may present cognitive, social, communication, physical, and orientation impairments. Furthermore, individuals with Alzheimer Disease may exhibit challenging behavior, isolation, and passivity. Objectives: To emphasize the role of Assistive Technology-based interventions and Cognitive-Behavioral Programs to improve the independence, and the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer Disease. To assess the effects on teaching adaptive responding, and decreasing challenging behaviors. Method: A selective literature review was carried out considering Alzheimer, Assistive Technology, Cognitive-Behavioral Programs, Adaptive Responding, Challenging Behaviors, and Quality of life as keywords. Twenty-six studies were reviewed. Results: Empirical data demonstrated the effectiveness, and the suitability of the selected interventions, although few failures occurred. The participants involved significantly increased their adaptive responding during the intervention phases, and maintained their performance over the time. Conclusion: Assistive Technology-based rehabilitative programs and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions may be helpful for promoting the independence and the quality of life of individuals with Alzheimer Disease.
Highlights
A selective literature review was carried out considering Alzheimer, Assistive Technology, Cognitive-Behavioral Programs, Adaptive Responding, Challenging Behaviors, and Quality of life as keywords
The participants involved significantly increased their adaptive responding during the intervention phases, and maintained their performance over the time
Assistive Technology-based rehabilitative programs and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions may be helpful for promoting the independence and the quality of life of individuals with Alzheimer Disease
Summary
Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a irreversible neurodegenerative decline, which commonly includes a general loss of cognitive functioning, memory impairments, a deterioration of communication skills, an increased difficulty to performing daily activities, disorientation, and challenging behavior (e.g., wondering, urinary incontinence) [1,2,3,4]. Behavioral interventions can embrace a variety of strategies consisting on (a) multi-sensory stimulation (e.g., snoezelen environments), (b) occupational therapy, (c) reality orientation therapy with attention and memory exercises. These strategies are considered critical to enhance the cognitive/functional of the individual and are designed to prevent the decline caused by the disease [15,16]. Two crucial questions within this framework still remain unsolved, (a) teaching new adaptive skills, and (b) supporting the independence and the active role of persons with AD To tackle the latter issues, one may envisage Assistive Technology-based rehabilitative programs (AT), and cognitive-behavioral interventions [17,18]. Individuals with Alzheimer Disease may exhibit challenging behavior, isolation, and passivity
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