Assistive devices: Regaining mobility in myositis

Abstract

Assistive devices (ADs) refer to external devices adapted to improve tasks and function. The common types of ADs include those improving mobility such as wheelchairs and walkers, positioning devices such as standing frames, custom-made devices (orthotics) such as fitted shoes and braces, and daily living devices. In inflammatory myositis, ADs are of utility in combating weakness, improving mobility, preventing and treating contractures, preventing falls, and assisting in daily chores. This narrative review looks at the evidence for the use of ADs in myositis and disorders with a similar pattern of muscle weakness (e.g., muscular dystrophy) subsequent to a literature search. A range of devices, from ankle orthoses to robotic exoskeletons, has been used in children with these diseases, and is part of the rehabilitation process. Evidence for their use in inflammatory myositis comes mainly from inclusion body myositis where progression is usual, and distal movement loss additionally affects functionality. In these patients, gait ADs and lower limb orthoses have been shown to be useful. Patient acceptability of these interventions is paramount in choosing the correct device and fit. An interaction of the treating rheumatologist with the physiatrist, the physical therapist, the occupational therapist, and the patient is paramount in ensuring compliance and benefit.