Abstract
Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to deliver multiple-birth infants. Multiple births pose substantial risks to both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm delivery, and low birthweight infants. This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2014 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2014 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2013 and 2014) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2014.
Highlights
Since the birth of the first U.S infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) in 1981, use of advanced technologies to overcome infertility has increased, as has the number of fertility clinics providing ART services and procedures in the United States [1]
In 2014, a total of 169,568 ART procedures with the intent to transfer at least one embryo were performed in 458 U.S fertility clinics and reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Since 2004, CDC has contracted with Westat, Inc., a statistical survey research organization, to obtain data from all fertility clinics in the United States through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC
Summary
Since the birth of the first U.S infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) in 1981, use of advanced technologies to overcome infertility has increased, as has the number of fertility clinics providing ART services and procedures in the United States [1]. CDC initiated data collection in 1996 and published the first annual ART Success Rates Report in 1997 [2]. Several measures of success for ART are presented in the annual report [1,3], including the percentage of ART procedures and transfers that result in pregnancies, live-birth deliveries, singleton live-birth deliveries, and multiple live-birth deliveries. Risks to the mother from multiple births include higher rates of caesarean deliveries, maternal hemorrhage, pregnancy-related hypertension, and gestational diabetes [12,13]. Even singleton infants conceived with ART have a higher risk for low birthweight and prematurity than singletons not conceived with ART [19,20]
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