Abstract
Introduction. The use of assisted reproductive technology in a situation of a demographic crisis can contribute to an increase in the birth rate among childless parents. The paper is of relevance as there is a need for a sociological analysis of the youth’s attitudes towards the use of assisted reproductive technology. The purpose of the article is to reveal significant factors affecting the youth’s attitudes towards assisted reproductive technology and its application, based on the results of a case study conducted among young people residing in the city of Saransk. Materials and Methods. The study used the methods of analysis, comparison and correlation. The data of a pilot survey conducted among young people residing in the city of Saransk and statistics were used as the empirical base of the study. The data were collected on the basis of the methodology developed by the authors according to quota sampling (by sex, age and place of residence). Results. The study has revealed the correlation between the respondents’ awareness of assisted reproductive technology and their level of education, age and marital status. It has been established that those respondents who took advantage of assisted reproductive technology, more often used such methods as in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection and surrogacy. The authors have formulated proposals on the need for the state to increase funding for the assisted reproductive technology programs, when it concerns reproductive health, to allocate quotas, ensuring the availability of the technology for the enforcement of the reproductive rights in society, as well as to inform the public about new types of assisted reproductive technology. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study can be used by the authorities, staff of reproductive health centers and in vitro fertilization clinics to develop and plan assisted reproductive technology programs, for conducting monitoring studies on the use of assisted reproductive technology. Prospects for the study are associated with conducting further in-depth qualitative research on parents using assisted reproductive technology.
Highlights
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Summary
Ensuring the safety of medicines is the basis for the existence and functioning of any pharmacovigilance system as a type of activity aimed at obtaining and processing information about the undesirable consequences of the use of medicines. Исследование особенностей функционирования систем фармаконадзора в странах – участницах международной программы мониторинга безопасности лекарственных средств позволило выделить несколько типов организации сбора информации о нежелательных реакциях лекарственных средств: централизованный, децентрализованный и смешанный. Такой тип организации системы фармаконадзора представлен, например, в США, где все контролирующие функции в сфере оборота лекарственных средств возложены на Управление по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов (Food and Drug Administration, FDA), которое является одним из федеральных исполнительных департаментов Министерства здравоохранения и социальных служб США. Основой функционирования централизованной системы фармаконадзора в США является программа MedWatch, позволяющая специалистам здравоохранения, пациентам и потребителям предоставлять в FDA информацию о нежелательных реакциях, возникающих при применении рецептурных и безрецептурных лекарственных средств, особенностях применения биологических препаратов, специальных пищевых продуктов (например, детских питательных смесей), а также о медицинских приборах и косметологических средствах. The centralized type of organization of the pharmacovigilance system exemplified by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
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