Abstract

AbstractGLDAS2.0 provides long‐term fine resolution gridded hydrometeorological data sets, which are necessary for water‐related studies, particularly in some transboundary rivers that are partially without observation. Yet, GLDAS2.0 has only been validated at limited locations, and few studies have been conducted to develop approaches to correct the GLDAS2.0 data for transboundary rivers. This work assessed the GLDAS2.0 data and developed approaches to correct their uncertainties for studies in large transboundary rivers in the Tibetan Plateau and Northeast China (NC). To achieve these goals, observational data from 1982 to 2010 and a water and energy budget‐based distributed hydrological model including biosphere after calibration and validation were employed. We find that the GLDAS2.0 data (except for wind speed) can reasonably replicate observed seasonal variations. However, its specific humidity and wind speed have large uncertainty, and precipitation has large uncertainty in summer. In NC, the trends of its precipitation, air temperature, downward longwave radiation, and wind speed are consistent with the observations. In the Yarlung Tsangpo, Lancang, and Nu Rivers, the trends of all GLDAS2.0 data reproduce the observation very well, that is, wetting, warming, and dimming trends. Validations show that the corrections are effective and the corrected forcing data can be successfully used in hydrological simulation with improved performance than the raw GLDAS2.0 data, which demonstrates the usefulness of the methodology and corrected forcing data to hydrometeorological studies in transboundary rivers in China as well as in other nearby regions/countries.

Highlights

  • Many large river basins in the world have vast geographical coverages, spreading across regions and countries

  • This work assessed the GLDAS2.0 data and developed approaches to correct their uncertainties for studies in large transboundary rivers in the Tibetan Plateau and Northeast China (NC)

  • Validations show that the corrections are effective and the corrected forcing data can be successfully used in hydrological simulation with improved performance than the raw GLDAS2.0 data, which demonstrates the usefulness of the methodology and corrected forcing data to hydrometeorological studies in transboundary rivers in China as well as in other nearby regions/countries

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Summary

Introduction

Many large river basins in the world have vast geographical coverages, spreading across regions and countries. Lack of observed data in parts of a river basin often impedes the application of hydrological models to adequately simulate river flows and to provide information to support a holistic water resources management on the river basin scale. The Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) provides long-term fine resolution gridded meteorological data on a global scale (Rodell et al, 2004), which are beneficial to water-related studies in some transboundary rivers lacking in situ observation.

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