Assessment the effect of the use of bisphosphonates on dental implant rehabilitation and peri-implant tissues

Abstract

Background: Long-term use of bisphosphonates (BP) has been associated with the risk of BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). The number of post-menopausal women receiving BP therapy for osteoporosis continues to increase as the life expectancy increases. Dental implant rehabilitations have progressed over the years. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the peri-implant conditions of patients taking oral or intravenous (IV) BPs. Methods: This was a retrospective study using an ORACLE database search by means of a Procedural Language/Structured Query engine. Fifty female patients with dental implant rehabilitations and taking bisphosphonates, and fifty female patients with dental implants but not taking BP were evaluated. Peri-implant health and rehabilitation conditions were collected and statistics analyzed. Results: Data analysis revealed a strong indication (p<0.01; 82.81%) of the use of bisphosphonates and absence of abscesses. Relative risk indicated 25 times more chance of a person that does not use bisphosphonates to develop abscess when compared with people using bisphosphonates. This shows that the use of bisphosphonates may play a protecting role in the patients with dental implants. Alternatively, there was a strong indication (p<0.01) of existence of association between the occurrence of mucositis and the use of bisphosphonates. Most of the cases of mucositis (94.44%) occurred in patients that used bisphosphonates while the majority of the cases where mucositis did not occur (59.76%) referred to the group being treated with bisphosphonates. Conclusion: This study revealed that there was absence of indications of significant associations between doses of bisphosphonates and the occurrence of peri-implant diseases.