Abstract
Spillway concrete gravity dams are exposed by loads and environment causing deterioration process. The article presents the concrete structure deteriorations, defects and technical state evaluation results of 34 Lithuanian spillway concrete gravity dams performed in 2006–2018. The typical deteriorations are: in piers’– crumbled protective layer of concrete, its corrosion, reinforcement corrosion, cracks in concrete, chipped edges; in spillway constructions’– concrete corrosion, bio–corrosion, concrete corrosion caused by cavitation; in outflow constructions – concrete corrosion, bigger cracks and deformations. According to results of technical state research, it was found that only 3% (1 SCGD) dams are in good technical state, 27% (9 SCGD) – moderate, 47% (16 SCGD) – satisfactory, 12% (4 SCGD) – unsatisfactory and 12% (4 SCGD) – in critical state.
Highlights
All the hydraulic structures, including spillway concrete gravity dams, are used in complicated conditions of the environmental impact: they are affected by natural and various technological factors
The technical state of spillway base was evaluated as average in those SCGDs, where the reconstruction haven’t taken place, still, the technical state of these constructions has especially worsened in Netičkampis SCGD (7.5 points, unsatisfactory state) and Kruostas SCGD where it has worsened from 5.5 points in 1999 to 10.0 points in 2005–2011
Main spillway constructions’ deteriorations in the investigated SCGDs are the following: concrete corrosion, bio–corrosion, concrete corrosion caused by cavitation etc
Summary
All the hydraulic structures (hereinafter – HS), including spillway concrete gravity dams, are used in complicated conditions of the environmental impact: they are affected by natural (atmosphere, freezing–thawing cycles, ice and swimming solids or sediments abrasive impact, atmospheric precipitation, wind and storm, wave blows; periodical wetting; solar radiation, collapsing impacts; rockslides, earthquakes, etc.) and various technological factors. Due to these factors, various deteriorations appear in the HS constructions; they reduce the bearing capacity of constructions (or spillway) to water pressure, technical state of SCGD constructions decreases. Taking into account the materials used for construction, the acting head and ground soil, the investigated objects belong to the consequence classes CC1 and CC2 (STR 2.02.06:2004 2004)
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