Abstract
Flood is a major issue during monsoon season in Northern region of Malaysia especially in Muda River Basin. This study focused on the specific hydrology parameters that lead to the flood events in Muda River Basin, Kedah. There were 4 hydrologic parameters for thirty years of collected data from selected hydrology monitoring stations provided by Department of Irrigations and Drainage, Malaysia. The study applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and result shown that stream flow and suspended solid stand with highest correlation of coefficient variables with the changes of water level in the study area. Statistical Process Control (SPC) applied in this study was to determine the control limit for every selected parameter obtained from PCA. The Upper Control Limit value for water level reported from SPC analysis in the study area was 7.568m and starting from this level and above, the risk of flood is high to occur in the study area. This research proved that the flood risk model created in this study was accurate and flexible for flood early warning system at Muda River Basin.
Highlights
A flood can be characterized as any high water stream that overwhelms the natural and artificial banks in any part of the waterway system
When there is exposed ground due to illegal logging activities, the soil sediment and suspended solid erodes and silting up into the river [1012]. It resulted in shallower rivers with increasing speed of stream flow which causes the water level to arise, causing devastating flood
Based on Factor 1 result column, it shows that each rise of suspended solid in Muda river basin will significantly rises the stream flow
Summary
A flood can be characterized as any high water stream that overwhelms the natural and artificial banks in any part of the waterway system. Along these lines, when a waterway bank is overtopped, the water may reaches out finished the floodplain and for the most part turns into a risk to the general public [1, 2] During flood occurrence, it majorly affects individuals as it upsets their everyday activities and the effects can keep going for seven days in the coming years, environmental change is probably going to make the circumstance much difficult [3, 4]. When there is exposed ground due to illegal logging activities, the soil sediment and suspended solid erodes and silting up into the river [1012] It resulted in shallower rivers with increasing speed of stream flow which causes the water level to arise, causing devastating flood. To clarify the flood risk pattern recognition, Statistical Process Control (SPC) was applied
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