Assessment on Chemicals and Drugs Residue in Dairy and Poultry Products in Bishoftu and Modjo, Central Ethiopia

Takele Beyene Abdulkaf Kemal

doi:10.4172/2155-9600.s13-002

Abstract

Despite the growing of contamination of foods of animal origin with chemicals during production, processing and storage, less attention being paid for the potentially present chemical residues in such foods (meat, milk, eggs and their products). This study was carried out to assess the chemicals and veterinary drugs used, and their possible occurrence as residue in dairy and poultry products in randomly selected dairy and poultry farms, and milk and animal feed processing plants located in Bishoftu and Modjo, central Ethiopia through questionnaire and observation. The result of this study showed that antibiotics, mainly penicillin-streptomycin and ampicillin-cloxacilin combination were used in all dairy farms while oxytetracycline and sulfa drugs were used by 85.7% and 57.1% of dairy farms. Oxytetracycline, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacillin, and sulfa drugs were used in 100%, 71.4%, 28.6%, and 28.6% of poultry farms, respectively. The study also revealed albendazole and ivermectin were commonly used in 96.4% and 71.4% of the dairy farms, respectively while piperazine was a common anthelmintic used in 31.0% of poultry farms. The antiprotozoal drugs commonly used in poultry farm were amprolium (100%) and sulfa drugs (26.3%) while the commonly used drug in dairy farms was sulfa drugs (50.0%). Antiseptics, namely, savlon (82.2%), iodine tincture (53.3%) and denatured alcohol (53.3%) were commonly used in dairy farm whereas disinfectants, such as, hydrogen peroxide (83.3%), sodium hydroxide (66.7%), and formalin (19.0%) were commonly used in poultry farms though small number of dairy farms also used formalin (17.8%) and hydrogen peroxide (10.7%). Among the rodenticides used in farms, zinc phosphide was used more in poultry farms (33.3%) than dairy farms (14.3%). Different chemicals were also used in the milk and feed processing plants. We conclude that there are high possibility of drug and chemical residues occurrence in poultry and dairy products in the area.

Highlights

Human beings consume protein-rich foods to supply their nutritional requirements, mainly of animal origin
The study showed that dairy farms in the study area use diazinon (46.5%) as acaricides; formalin (17.8%) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (10.7%) as a disinfectant; zinc phosphide (14.3%) as the sole rodenticide; savlon (82.2%), iodine tincture (53.3%) and denatured alcohol (53.3%) used as antiseptics (Table 1)
Antiprotozoals and anthelmintics are being used in poultry and dairy farms

Summary

Introduction

Human beings consume protein-rich foods to supply their nutritional requirements, mainly of animal origin. Days, increased awareness of consumers about a growing chemicalization of animal origin foods (meat, milk, eggs and their products) present a challenge to the dairy, meat and poultry industry. A chemical contaminant is a potentially harmful chemical substance of anthropogenic or natural origin, which may be present in food following deliberate treatment or accidental contamination during the production, transformation or preservation of foodstuffs [3]. Contamination of these foods with pathogenic microbes and chemical residues can result during production at the farm level, transportation, storage, distribution and preparation for consumption [4]

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Discussion

Conclusion