Abstract
Most pediatricians are women; however, women pediatricians are underrepresented in academic leadership positions such as department chairs and journal editors and among first authors of original research articles published in pediatric journals. Publication of all types of articles, particularly in high-impact specialty journals, is crucial to career building and academic success. To examine the gender-related profile associated with authors of perspective-type articles in the 4 highest-impact general pediatric journals to determine whether women physicians were similarly underrepresented. Cross-sectional study of perspective-type articles published between 2013 and 2017 in the 4 highest-impact general pediatric journals: Academic Pediatrics, JAMA Pediatrics, The Journal of Pediatrics, and Pediatrics. The primary outcome measure was the number and percentage of first-author women physicians as compared with men physicians. Secondary outcome measures included number and percentage of all men and all women among last authors and coauthors associated with physician first authors. A total of 425 perspective-type articles were identified, with physicians listed as the first author on 338 (79.5%). Women were underrepresented among physician first authors of known gender (140 of 336 [41.7%]), particularly among physician first authors of article categories described as scholarly (range, 15.4%-44.1%) vs categories described as narrative (range, 52.9%-65.6%) in nature. Women were also underrepresented among last authors and coauthors of articles attributed to both men and women physician first authors, although the underrepresentation of women among last authors and coauthors was more pronounced if a man physician was the first author. Because perspective-type articles provide an opportunity for authors to express their opinions, provide insights that may influence their field, and enhance their academic resumes, there is a need for pediatric journal editors and leaders of medical societies who are associated with these journals to ensure the equitable inclusion of women in medicine. A hallmark of best practices for diversity and inclusion in academic medicine is transparency with regard to reporting of gender disparities in all areas of scholarship attribution and credit.
Highlights
Pediatrics is a specialty in which women outnumber men
Because perspective-type articles provide an opportunity for authors to express their opinions, provide insights that may influence their field, and enhance their academic resumes, there is a need for pediatric journal editors and leaders of medical societies who are associated with these journals to ensure the equitable inclusion of women in medicine
When compared with recent proportions of women in active pediatric practice in 2013 (60.4%)[5] and 2015 (61.9%)[1] and women among physician full-time pediatric faculty in 2014 (52.0%)[6] and 2015 (53.0%),[2] women were found to be underrepresented among physician first authors, with proportions in the 4 individual journals ranging from 33.3% (14 of 42) in The Journal of Pediatrics to 44.1% (41 of 93) in Pediatrics
Summary
Pediatrics is a specialty in which women outnumber men. In 2015, the proportion of women among active pediatricians in the United States was 61.9%,1 yet women held just 53.0% of full-time physician pediatric faculty positions (with 32% at the rank of full professor)[2] and 20% of chair positions.[3]. We examined whether the underrepresentation of women in pediatrics extended to perspective-type articles in peer-reviewed journals, as these types of articles, in contrast to editorials, commentaries about articles in the journal, and original research studies, do not necessarily require expertise in a specific subfield of study. Perspective-type articles may be written from a more general point of view by physicians at any stage of their professional career. This unique category of articles provides opportunities for physicians to express their opinions, providing insights that may both influence the field and enhance their professional reputations. This study is the first of its kind in the medical literature
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