Abstract
The evolution of renewable energy technologies may surmount fossil fuel disadvantages. Wave energy is considered one of the best alternatives to fossil energy due to its advantages. The 40-year (1979–2018) spatio-temporal distribution of wave energy is presented using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) datasets. In addition, the common formula used for wave energy evaluation is derived from the linear wave theory in deep water, which is not applicable in shallow water. Therefore, a new equation that is suitable for both shallow and deep water is derived, which improves the accuracy of the wave energy evaluation for various water depths. The main aim is to investigate the spatio-temporal wave energy for offshore China from 1979 to 2018 and combine the new standard of classification to recommend the optimal area. The nearshore zone from Zhejiang province to Guandong province is considered the ideal zone, and the average annual wave energy density in this area is above 10 kW/m.
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