Abstract
To assess the use of trans, trans-muconic acid as a biomarker of occupational exposure to benzene. Trans, trans-muconic acid in urine samples of exposed (exposed group, n=36) and non-exposed (non-exposed group, n=116) workers to benzene. Urinary levels of trans, trans-muconic acid were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The study sample consisted of subjects exposed to benzene in an oil refinery in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Non-parametric statistical analysis was carried out using Kruskall-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation at p<0.05. Workers were exposed on average to benzene levels of 0.15 +/- 0.05 mg/m3 (0.05 ppm) and they showed a urinary trans, trans-muconic acid mean value of 0.19 +/- 0.04 mg/g of creatinine. The reference value range of trans, trans-muconic acid in non-exposed subjects was 0.03 to 0.26 mg/g of creatinine (mean 0.10 +/- 0.08 mg/g of creatinine). There was seen a statistical difference between trans, trans-muconic acid levels in urine samples from exposed and non-exposed groups. There was no correlation between urinary trans, trans-muconic acid and air benzene levels. There was no correlation between urinary trans, trans-muconic acid levels in the exposed group and smoking. Alcohol consumption up to 48 hours before sampling procedure showed no effect on trans, trans-muconic acid levels in both exposed and non-exposed groups. There was however a correlation between age (range 18 to 25 years) and urinary metabolite levels in the latter group. The results show that it is important to evaluate the effect of age and smoking habits on urinary trans, trans-muconic acid levels.
Highlights
As características carcinogênicas do benzeno desencadearam um esforço mundial em restringir, ao máximo, o limite de exposição ao composto
Os níveis do ATTM urinário em amostras de urina de indivíduos expostos ao benzeno, coletadas ao final da jornada de trabalho, e as concentrações ambientais do solvente, obtidas ao nível da zona respiratória dos indivíduos durante as horas referentes ao respectivo turno de trabalho, encontram-se na Tabela 3
Alguns autores relatam ser o hábito de fumar um fator www.fsp.usp.br/rsp interferente, que contribui para diferenças significativas nos níveis urinários de ATTM.[4,8] Outros afirmam não ter detectado qualquer correlação entre cigarro e ATTM urinário.[5,11] O pequeno número de indivíduos fumantes dentro do grupo de não expostos (N=22) pode ter dificultado uma melhor interpretação dos dados analíticos obtidos
Summary
Trans-muconic acid in urine samples of exposed (exposed group, n=36) and non-exposed (non-exposed group, n=116) workers to benzene. Results Workers were exposed on average to benzene levels of 0.15±0.05 mg/m3 (0.05 ppm) and they showed a urinary trans, trans-muconic acid mean value of 0.19±0.04 mg/g of creatinine. The reference value range of trans, trans-muconic acid in non-exposed subjects was 0.03 to 0.26 mg/g of creatinine (mean 0.10±0.08 mg/g de creatinine). There was seen a statistical difference between trans, trans-muconic acid levels in urine samples from exposed and non-exposed groups. There was no correlation between urinary trans, trans-muconic acid and air benzene levels. There was no correlation between urinary trans, trans-muconic acid levels in the exposed group and smoking. Alcohol consumption up to 48 hours before sampling procedure showed no effect on trans, trans-muconic acid levels in both exposed and non-exposed groups. There was a correlation between age (range 18 to 25 years) and urinary metabolite levels in the latter group
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