Abstract
Abstract. Ground water is a distinguished component of the hydrologic cycle. Surface water storage and ground water withdrawal are traditional engineering approaches which will continue to be followed in the future. The uncertainty about the occurrence, distribution and quality aspect of the ground water and the energy requirement for its withdrawal impose restriction on exploitation of ground water. The main objective of the study is assessment of underground water potential zones of Jhansi city and surrounding area, by preparing underground water potential zone map using Geographical Information System (GIS), remote sensing, and validation by underground water inventory mapping using GPS field survey done along the parts of National Highway 25 and 26 and some state highway passing through the study area. Study area covers an area of 1401 km2 and its perimeter is approximate 425 km. For this study Landsat TM (0.76–0.90 um) band data were acquired from GLCF website. Sensor spatial resolution is 30 m. Satellite image has become a standard tool aiding in the study of underground water. Extraction of different thematic layers like Land Use Land Cover (LULC), settlement, etc. can be done through unsupervised classification. The modern geometics technologies viz. remote sensing and GIS are used to produce the map that classifies the groundwater potential zone to a number of qualitative zone such as very high, high, moderate, low or very low. Thematic maps are prepared by visual interpretation of Survey of India topo-sheets and linearly enhanced Landsat TM satellite image on 1 : 50,000 scale using AutoCAD, ArcGIS 10.1 and ERDAS 11 software packages.
Highlights
Ground water is a distinguished component of the hydrologic cycle
The most common remote sensing tools used for the detection of underground water are various satellite images
It has been observed that underground water depends upon the rainfall, but on various other factors which affect its occurrence
Summary
Ground water is a distinguished component of the hydrologic cycle. Surface water storage and ground water withdrawal are traditional engineering approaches which will continue to be followed in future. In spite of its uncertainty, ground water has some obvious advantages These advantages of ground water is that it is much protected from pollution; it requires little treatment before it use; it is available almost everywhere; it can be developed with little gestation period and can be supplied at a fairly steady rate. It does not require any distribution system and its interference with land resources is minimum. In Jhansi district, Main source of irrigation is through ground water and canal. 54% area is irrigated by ground water.
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