Abstract
Despite the availability of effective intervention programs over the years, tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in a Rural Primary Health Care Centre, Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A three-year retrospective study was employed to review 150 tuberculosis cases treated from January 2014 - December 2016. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and presented as tables and charts. The relationship between independent and outcome variables were tested with Chi-square test and P-value was set at 0.05. Of the 150 Tuberculosis patients treated, 84(56.0%) were males while 66(44.0%) were females. More than two-thirds (77.3%) of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. The successful treatment rate was 60.0% (32.7% treatment completed and 27.3% cured). Over twelve percent defaulted, 10.7% were lost to follow up, 6.7% were transferred out and 0.7% died. In this study, the successful treatment outcome was lower than the National target .The relationship between the disease sites; HIV status, Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and the treatment outcome were statistically significant. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) providers should address issue of hindrances to adherence to treatment in order to improve the treatment success rate.
Highlights
About 1.7 billion people are estimated to be affected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis globally, out of which an estimated 1.3 billion lives in developing countries.[1]
In Ethiopia, a standardized TB prevention and control programmes incorporating Directly Observed Treatment short course (DOTs) was started in 1992.15,19 The success rate of TB treatment in Lagos state, Nigeria was estimated to be 89.4%, with 12.5% lost to follow-up, 3.3% dead and 2.5% treatment failure.[2,3]
There is lack of health education for observing cough etiquettes.10,11The category of cases seen in this study showed that new cases predominate 87.3%
Summary
About 1.7 billion people are estimated to be affected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis globally, out of which an estimated 1.3 billion lives in developing countries.[1]. In Ethiopia, a standardized TB prevention and control programmes incorporating DOTs was started in 1992.15,19 The success rate of TB treatment in Lagos state, Nigeria was estimated to be 89.4%, with 12.5% lost to follow-up, 3.3% dead and 2.5% treatment failure.[2,3] The outcomes of TB treatment has not been very impressive across the world Several factors such as level of education, income statues, access to TB treatment centres, marital status, HIV status and treatment category have been implicated.17,18Other factors responsible for unfavourable TB treatment outcomes reported were inadequate supervision, improper policies, low grade diagnostic and therapeutic facilities, individual differences in drug metabolism, inadequate knowledge about TB and little caution towards handling of TB cases among health personnel. This study assessed the treatment outcomes of tuberculosis among TB patients receiving treatment in a rural comprehensive health centre at Ugbokolo, Okpokwu Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria
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