Abstract
The research was aimed to determine seasonal effects on trace metals levels in soil, forages and blood plasma of animals. The mean cadmium, chromium and copper values in soil samples in different sampling seasons were ranged from 6.97 to 4.10, 0.060 to 0.72 and 3.54to 4.08 mg/kg, respectively, while, in forage samples were between 0.671-0.697, 1.57-2.22 and 6.75-7.06 mg/kg, respectively. Higher Cd, Cr and Cu concentrations were observed in blood plasma of young buffaloes during summer season, in dry buffaloes during spring season and in young buffaloes during autumn season, while lower Cd, Cr and Cu contents were noticed in blood plasma of lactating buffaloes in summer season. The highest bio-concentration factor value from soil to forage was determined for Cr while from forage to blood plasma of buffaloes was detected for Cd. The Cd, Cr and Cu correlation of soil with blood plasma were positive for all samples.
Highlights
In the balanced diet of organisms minerals play vital role throughout their life
Soil samples were taken from half to 1ft depth four times in a year of summer, winter, autumn and spring seasons
It was concluded that the values of physico-chemical properties of soil and water samples were found within the safe limit recommended by world health organization
Summary
In the balanced diet of organisms minerals play vital role throughout their life. If mineral concentration is improper, the activities of animals in livestock minimized. For popper growth of livestock animals various macro and micro minerals are essential [1]. The macro minerals such as phosphorus, calcium and magnesium play an important role for proper lactation, growth and reproduction of ruminants. The micro-minerals like trace metals such as cadmium, chromium and copper are very important to improve human and animal health [2]. In animal’s feed the minerals requirement cannot be denied because they have crucial role in the normal physiological functions of animal body, their growth and reproduction. Soil properties and mineral profile affect the mineral deficiencies in grazing livestock [4]
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