ASSESSMENT OF THYROID HORMONE ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS OF DOWN SYNDROME

Abstract

Down syndrome is the fourth most come syndrome caused by chromosomal abnormalities. This syndrome includes many abnormalities such as thyroid hormone disfunction. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in clinically diagnosed cases of Down syndrome patients that were confirmed on karyotyping later before including in the study. This Cross-sectional study was carried out at different Hospitals of Lahore to find out the prevalence of thyroid hormone dysfunction in 50 clinically diagnosed Down syndrome (DS) subjects from September 2019 to May 2021 by measuring thyroid function test (T3, T4, TSH), and antithyroid antibodies (ATA). A total 50 Down syndrome cases were included in the study and found majority of the patients were males 33(66.0%) while 17(34.0%) were female. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 (54%) of DS subjects, of whom 13 (26.0%) had hypothyroidism, 08 (16.0%) were having subclinical hypothyroidism, 01 (2.0%) had sick thyroid syndrome, 4 (8.0%) were hyperthyroidism and 01 (2.0%) were subclinical hyperthyroidism. ATA was positive in 07 (14.0%) patients of DS, of whom 02 (28%) were male and 05 were female (72%), 03 had hypothyroidism, 02 had hyperthyroidism, 02 had subclinical hypothyroidism. remaining 23 (46.0%) were having euthyroid status. This study showed 54% of down syndrome patients that were clinically diagnosed had thyroid hormone dysfunction. It can be concluded that thyroid hormone dysfunction in found in high prevalence in DS patients.