Abstract
Flood is a common natural disaster and also affect the all state in Malaysia. Regarding to Drainage and Irrigation Department (DID) in 2007, about 29, 270 km2 or 9 percent of region of the country is prone to flooding. Flood can be such devastating catastrophic which can effected to people, economy and environment. Flood hazard mapping can be used is an important part in flood assessment to define those high risk area prone to flooding. The purposes of this study are to prepare a flood hazard mapping in Perlis and to evaluate flood hazard using frequency ratio, statistical index and Poisson method. The six factors affecting the occurrence of flood including elevation, distance from the drainage network, rainfall, soil texture, geology and erosion were created using ArcGIS 10.1 software. Flood location map in this study has been generated based on flooded area in year 2010 from DID. These parameters and flood location map were analysed to prepare flood hazard mapping in representing the probability of flood area. The results of the analysis were verified using flood location data in year 2013, 2014, 2015. The comparison result showed statistical index method is better in prediction of flood area rather than frequency ratio and Poisson method.
Highlights
Malaysia is located in the equatorial region being high temperature and high humidity throughout the year
Flood hazard index for statistical index calculation is similar with frequency ratio
Flood hazard mapping was generated using Frequency ratio (FR) method represent the summation of frequency for each classes of each factor (Fig. 4)
Summary
Malaysia is located in the equatorial region being high temperature and high humidity throughout the year. Heavy rainfall during monsoon season caused adversely impact to inundation area depends on magnitude of flood. Flood prediction is required to determine the area prone to flood and time of flood occurrence in terms of spatial and temporal. Most part of floodplain area, flooding occurs repeatedly almost every year. The development of flood model is important to recognize the susceptible areas with different hazard level for decision makers [4]. Flood hazard mapping can be used to identify a prone. Many methods had been proposed to prepare flood hazard mapping primarily on hydrologic, meteorological and geomorphologic approaches [5]. Method of flood mapping was chosen based on data availability and scale of study area. Selection of suitable method for preparation of flood mapping is very important in determination of accuracy of map
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