Assessment of the WHO Health Promoting Schools Framework among schools in selected villages of rural Puducherry, South India - a mixed method study.

Abstract

The health of children and adolescents can be promoted through schools as they spend most of their time in school. The Health Promoting Schools (HPS) framework provides a set of policies to be followed in schools for improving the health status of school-going children and adolescents. The current study was done to assess this framework among schools in rural Puducherry. Key informant interviews were done with the teachers under the six World Health Organisation (WHO) HPS framework domains to develop an observation checklist for the assessment of schools in the study area. After the survey, in-depth interviews were conducted as an approach to explore the existing health promotion activities, facilitating or hindering factors in the implementation of health promotion framework and suggestions for improving the same. A quantitative survey on nine schools showed that almost all the schools were lacking in domains such as health promotion policy, behaviour counselling and mental and social support. Physical education, facilities and policies for nutrition and community collaboration exist in only some of the schools. Qualitative interviews also showed similar findings and most of the teachers suggested to include training for general health emergencies and behaviour counselling. The current study showed that most of the schools were lacking in almost all the domains under the HPS framework. Hence, stakeholders at all levels should be made aware of this framework and develop a strategy for uniform implementation of it in all the schools in the region.