Assessment of the Value of Stomatal Size and Density as Hallmarks of Nonaploid Kiwifruit Plants

Iwona Chłosta,Marzena Popielarska-Konieczna,Grzegorz Góralski

doi:10.5586/asbp.909

Abstract

Abstract In vitro-derived plants with elevated ploidy levels can display distinguishing features from the plants they are derived from, especially owing to their indirect regeneration. Genome size affects cell size and, thus, affects plant morphological characteristics. Therefore, stomata traits may be used as a diagnostic feature allowing identification of ploidy. Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa A. Chev. (A. Chev.), known as kiwifruit, is successfully cultured in vitro and redifferentiated into plants via endosperm-derived calli. To identify differences between hexaploids obtained from seeds and confirmed nonaploids obtained from endosperm-derived calli, we analyzed the stomata. Our results confirmed that ploidy coincides with mean stomatal length, width, and density. Despite this correlation, this method cannot be used to distinguish individual hexaploid kiwifruit plants from nonaploid ones because samples with different ploidy yielded overlapping measurements.

Highlights

IntroductionPolyploidy occurs when cells possess more than two complete sets of chromosomes. is phenomenon plays an important role in plant speciation and evolution in nature and in agriculture (for improvement of popular crops and ornamental plants, such as Allium cepa, Cucumis sativus, Petunia sp., or Vitis sp.) (Touchell et al, 2020)
Polyploidy occurs when cells possess more than two complete sets of chromosomes. is phenomenon plays an important role in plant speciation and evolution in nature and in agriculture (Touchell et al, 2020)
Stomata size and density are correlated with ploidy levels (Beaulieu et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2020). e aforementioned method has been useful for detection of plants with high ploidy, such as Coffea (Mishra, 1997), Stevia (Hata et al, 2001), Pyrus (Kadota & Niimi, 2002), Citrus (Padoan et al, 2013), and Passiflora (Antoniazzi et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

Polyploidy occurs when cells possess more than two complete sets of chromosomes. is phenomenon plays an important role in plant speciation and evolution in nature and in agriculture (for improvement of popular crops and ornamental plants, such as Allium cepa, Cucumis sativus, Petunia sp., or Vitis sp.) (Touchell et al, 2020). Us, distinguishing plants with various ploidy levels is crucial for plant research and breeding programs (Dirihan et al, 2013). It is imperative to choose the best method for distinguishing ploidy, because not all established methods will be successful for a particular plant (Cramer, 1999). Genome size affects plant morphological features (Beaulieu et al, 2008). Stomata size and density are correlated with ploidy levels (Beaulieu et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2020). E aforementioned method has been useful for detection of plants with high ploidy, such as Coffea (Mishra, 1997), Stevia (Hata et al, 2001), Pyrus (Kadota & Niimi, 2002), Citrus (Padoan et al, 2013), and Passiflora (Antoniazzi et al, 2018) Stomata size and density are correlated with ploidy levels (Beaulieu et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2020). e aforementioned method has been useful for detection of plants with high ploidy, such as Coffea (Mishra, 1997), Stevia (Hata et al, 2001), Pyrus (Kadota & Niimi, 2002), Citrus (Padoan et al, 2013), and Passiflora (Antoniazzi et al, 2018)

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Conclusion