Abstract
Agricultural fungicides contaminate the environment and promote the spread of fungicide-resistant strains of pathogenic fungi. The enhancement of pathogen sensitivity to these pesticides using chemosensitizers allows the reducing of fungicide dosages without a decrease in their efficiency. Using Petri plate and microplate bioassays, 6-demethylmevinolin (6-DMM), a putative sensitizer of a microbial origin, was shown to affect both colony growth and conidial germination of Alternaria solani, A. alternata, Parastagonospora nodorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and four Fusarium species (F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum) forming a wheat root rot complex together with B. sorokiniana. Non- or marginally toxic 6-DMM concentrations suitable for sensitizing effect were determined by the probit analysis. The range of determined concentrations confirmed a possibility of using 6-DMM as a putative sensitizer for the whole complex of root rot agents, other cereal pathogens (A. alternata, P. nodorum), and some potato (R. solani, A. solani) and tomato (A. solani) pathogens. Despite the different sensitivities of the eight tested pathogens, 6-DMM lacked specificity to fungi and possessed a mild antimycotic activity that is typical of other known pathogen-sensitizing agents. The pilot evaluation of the 6-DMM sensitizing first confirmed a principal possibility of using it for the sensitization of B. sorokiniana and R. solani to triazole- and strobilurin-based fungicides, respectively.
Highlights
To meet an increasing demand for crop products, high-yielding cultivars of agricultural plants are grown all over the world
6-DMMand towards several plant pathogens was evaluated after culturing the fungi on PDAeffect containing at seven (F. plant graminearum), eight avenaceum, F
Fusarium species included in this study form a wheat root rot pathogenic complex able to cause significant yield losses in cereals across the world [29]
Summary
To meet an increasing demand for crop products, high-yielding cultivars of agricultural plants are grown all over the world. One of the main conditions for fully realizing a potential productivity of such cultivars is a successful control of crop pathogens, primarily fungi, which may cause diseases resulting in up to 70–80% of yield losses [1]. As in the case of other plant pathogenic fungi, a common practice to control these agents, and efficiently prevent significant yield losses caused by these pathogens, is the use of chemical fungicides. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 842 and/or extensive fungicide application practices [5,6]. A wide use of modern fungicides resulted in a significant increase in the frequency of high fungicide resistance and multiple or cross-resistance of various plant pathogenic fungi. Fungicides with a single-site mode of action, such as Quinone outside
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