Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the canine root apices in cone beam computed tomographic images (CBCT) and to assess the amount of extension of the maxillary sinus to the anterior region of the jaw in different sexes and age groups.MethodsCBCT of 300 individuals (154 males and 146 females) over 20 years (with a mean age of 35.12 ± 8.40 years) were evaluated. The subjects were categorized into three age groups (20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 years). When the maxillary sinus extended to the canine area, the vertical distance between them was measured, and their relationship was classified into three types: I (more than 2 mm distance), II (less than 2 mm distance or in-contact), and III (interlock).Results413 out of 600 maxillary sinuses (68.8%) were extended into the canine area or beyond. Among them, 15 maxillary sinuses pneumatized into the incisor area (2.5%). The prevalence of the maxillary sinuses extended to the anterior region of the jaw was not significantly different between genders. However, it was significantly less frequent in the older age group and more frequent on the left side. In addition, the mean amount of anterior extension of the maxillary sinus (mm) was significantly lower in the older age group. Type I was the most frequent vertical relationship between the maxillary sinuses and canine apices with no significant difference in gender, side, and age groups.ConclusionsIn most cases, the maxillary sinus extended to the canine area and sometimes reached the incisor region. This necessitates paying more attention to the maxillary anterior sextant during surgical procedures.
Highlights
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the canine root apices in cone beam computed tomographic images (CBCT) and to assess the amount of extension of the maxillary sinus to the anterior region of the jaw in different sexes and age groups
As part of this study, it is found that when the maxillary sinus extended to the canine area, the apices were most commonly (84.99%) located below the sinus floor and at more than 2 mm distance
Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions may be drawn: 1. Most of the maxillary sinuses extended to the canine area
Summary
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the canine root apices in cone beam computed tomographic images (CBCT) and to assess the amount of extension of the maxillary sinus to the anterior region of the jaw in different sexes and age groups. General practitioners misinterpret the pneumatization of the anterior part of the maxilla by the maxillary sinus as a cystic lesion on intraoral or panoramic radiographs [4]. Evaluation of the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the dentition is essential for dental procedures, such as implant or apical surgeries and orthodontic treatments [5, 6]. Assessing these anatomical structures is important since they provide a pathway for infection to spread from the periodontal or peri-apical lesions into maxillary sinuses, which can cause maxillary sinusitis [7,8,9].
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