Assessment of the Presence of Occult Myocardial Infarction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been identified as a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease, independent of smoking history, and inflammation is thought to play a role. Objectives: We sought to ascertain whether occult myocardial infarction (MI) was present in the COPD population, and to assess its relationship with inflammation and natriuretic peptides. Method: We recruited 25 patients with moderate/severe COPD and 17 control smokers without lung disease. All participants had no known cardiac disease. Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed and analysed for delayed contrast enhancement (DE), indicative of previous MI. All participants had venous blood samples taken for assessment of NT-proBNP and inflammatory markers. Results: DE was not found in any participant. Right ventricular ejection fraction was lower in COPD patients. Other cardiac measurements and NT-proBNP levels were similar in the 2 groups. C-reactive protein, IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β and TNF-α were all significantly higher in the COPD group. Conclusion: DE, indicating previous MI, was not found in patients with moderate/severe COPD. Occult MI does not appear to be common in this population, but a larger study would be needed to conclusively test this.