Assessment of the posterior risk of sudden death due to cardiovascular diseases at the workplace

Abstract

Introduction. The aim of the study was to find the associations between cardiovascular disease and occupational risk factors of sudden death in the context of the St. Petersburg population. It remains relevant and is part of the problem of a significant mortality rate among working-age people in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Methods adopted in the study of non-infectious diseases were selected as the primary research methods. The analysis of deaths of employees of enterprises was carried out based on a retrospective cohort. Results. There has been a marked increase in sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the workplace from cardiovascular diseases. The calculation of mortality rates per 10000 workers from cardiovascular diseases showed that the first ranking place in the period since 2016 until 2018 in St. Petersburg was occupied by such types of economic activities as administrative activities (6,05 cases); construction (4,23 cases); provision of electricity, gas and steam (3,63 cases); land transport activities (3,26 cases); financial and insurance activities (3,02 cases) and manufacturing (1,97 cases). The posterior risk of death from diseases of the circulatory system was established to be 1.67 times higher for workers employed in jobs with harmful working conditions. The analysis of SCD showed that the high level of risk for workers is recorded at the age of 50 to 59 years, reaching values of 27,72 (11,33-67,81) (p <0,001). In the course of the study, it was found that the organization of timely medical care in the conditions of health centres of industrial enterprises in the acute period of the development of cardiovascular insufficiency will contribute to a decrease in mortality rates at the workplace by more than three times. Limitations. The study of the causes and indicators of 347 deaths at the workplace was carried out based on official statistics provided by the State Labor Inspectorate in St. Petersburg and registered at industrial enterprises in the period from 2016 to 2018. The study does not include small and medium-sized businesses. Conclusion. The results of assessing the risk of death in the workplace of industrial enterprises in St. Petersburg indicate the need to improve the organization and procedure for investigating, recording and registering such cases in order to establish cause-and-effect relationships.