Assessment of the Physicochemical Parameters of Bodo Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria: A Pre-spill, Post-spill and Post-clean-up Review

D.K Nkeeh,E.S Erondu,N Zabbey,A.I Hart

doi:10.4314/jasem.v25i8.34

Abstract

Water bodies are a source of ecosystem services such as water supply, production, recreation, and aesthetics. In 2008, two major oil spills took place in Bodo creek. A major challenge with the assessment and monitoring of an environment is the lack of baseline data. However, Bodo Creek has been studied extensively. This paper, therefore, reviews pre-spill, post-spill, and post-clean-up studies on physicochemical parameters in Bodo Creek. This paper revealed that the difference in the levels of the physicochemical parameters including pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and temperature in Bodo Creek, before and after the oil spill was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); other physicochemical parameters examined in this paper are alkalinity, total hardness, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS). This paper also revealed that pH and temperature were higher in the post-cleanup study, while DO and conductivity were higher in the pre-cleanup study. BOD was significantly higher in the post-spill study than the pre-spill study, indicating a high level of pollution as a result of the oil spill. This review also shows that there are higher pH and temperature levels in post-clean-up studies than the pre-cleanup studies. Pre-clean-up DO and conductivity were higher than the levels in the post-clean-up study.

Highlights

Water is a basic life-supporting system for the survival, growth, and reproduction of aquatic organisms
According to a study by Onwugbuta-Enyi et al (2008), water bodies are a source of ecosystem services, for example, water supply, production, recreation, and aesthetics; the availability of water inadequate quality and quantity contributes to health maintenance,human activities deteriorate surface water
According to Onwugbuta-Enyi et al (2008), Physicochemical and biological factors determine the quality of any given water body, as there is an interactional relationship between these factors and with an intrinsic parameter of each variable to highly determine the water quality characteristics

Summary

Introduction

Water is a basic life-supporting system for the survival, growth, and reproduction of aquatic organisms. Zabbey and Arimoro (2017) identified hydrology, Physico-chemical parameters, and biological communities as the three basic components of water quality studies. The correlation study on Physicochemical parameters and quality assessment of Kosi River Water, Uttarakhand, India, revealed that all the measured physico-chemistry of the study area are within the WHO maximum permissible limit.

Results

Conclusion