Assessment of the Performance of Non-invasive Criteria for the Evaluation of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension in Patients with Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.

Abstract

Assessment of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) non-invasively using a combination of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and platelet counts is proposed as an alternative to hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) estimation. Utility of these criteria in compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) patients of different etiologies including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with BMI > 30kg/m2 was studied in a large cohort. Consecutive patients of cACLD with available anthropometric and laboratory details, LSM, and HVPG were included in a retrospective analysis. A LSM of ≥ 25kPa alone and LSM ≤ 15kPa plus platelets ≥ 150×109/L were evaluated as non-invasive rule-in and rule-out criteria for CSPH, respectively. The NASH-ANTICPATE model (composite of BMI, platelets, and LSM) was evaluated in patients with obese NASH. Patients with cACLD (n = 626) (mean age: 50.8 ± 12.4years, 74.2% males) with alcohol (ALD, 30.3%), NASH (26.4%), hepatitis C (HCV, 16.6%), hepatitis B (HBV,10.2%) etiology were included. The prevalence of CSPH was > 80% across all etiologies except in HBV (62.5%) and in obese non-NASH (71-72%). The rule-in criteria had a PPV > 90% for all etiologies except in HBV (80.8%). The rule-out criteria had a negative predictive value (NPV) of 65%, 53%, and 40% in ALD, HCV, and NASH, respectively. The NASH-ANTCIPATE model had specificity of 100% and NPV of 33% to detect CSPH in obese NASH (n = 62). LSM ≥ 25kPa predicted CSPH in most etiologies except HBV. A significant proportion of patients have CSPH despite satisfying the rule-out criteria. The NASH-ANTICIPATE model is specific but fails to exclude CSPH in nearly two-third patients with obesity and NASH. There is a need for precise disease-specific non-invasive models for detecting CSPH.