Abstract
BackgroundTransorbital sonography (TOS) has emerged as a promising assessment tool of the optic nerve and orbital arterial supply in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate optic nerve diameter (OND), optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), and orbital hemodynamics using TOS in MS patients.MethodsForty MS patients and 28 matched healthy controls were included. Thirty-three eyes with previous optic neuritis (ON) and 47 eyes without previous ON of MS patients were examined. All subjects were submitted to assessment of OND, ONSD, and parameters of orbital hemodynamics using orbital ultrasound.ResultsOND and ONSD were smaller in MS eyes with previous ON than in controls. MS eyes with and without previous ON had statistically significant higher peak systolic and mean velocity of posterior ciliary arteries than the control eyes. Orbital blood flow velocities were negatively correlated with the duration of disease and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). A statistically significant decrease in blood flow velocities of the central retinal artery was detected in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients than in relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS).ConclusionTOS can be used as a feasible tool to detect optic atrophy in MS patients. MS patients may have abnormal retrobulbar hemodynamics compared to healthy controls.
Highlights
Optic neuritis (ON) is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve and represents a common initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) [1]
Transorbital sonography (TOS) can be used as a feasible tool to detect optic atrophy in MS patients
MS patients may have abnormal retrobulbar hemodynamics compared to healthy controls
Summary
Optic neuritis (ON) is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve and represents a common initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) [1]. The optic nerve is most commonly assessed by ophthalmoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but recently, ultrasound has emerged as a promising additional assessment tool. Color Doppler imaging (CDI) is a non-invasive imaging method that provides information about changes in the hemodynamics of orbital vessels in various disorders, such as MS, Behcet’s syndrome, arterial hypertension, glaucoma, and uveitis [3]. The aim of this work is to evaluate optic nerve diameter (OND) and optic nerve diameter sheath (ONSD) and parameters of orbital hemodynamics using orbital ultrasound in eyes with previous optic neuritis, to compare these values with healthy control eyes and eyes without previous optic neuritis in MS patients, and to correlate these values with the disease duration and disability. Transorbital sonography (TOS) has emerged as a promising assessment tool of the optic nerve and orbital arterial supply in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients
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