Abstract
ObjectiveThis study assessed the nutritional status of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) by utilizing bedside anthropometric measurements.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional study was done from November 2020 till April 2021 on ESRD patients three times a week MHD at our centre. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT), mid-arm circumference (MAC), calf circumference (CC) and handgrip strength (HGS) were measured mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) was calculated, and nutritional status was determined.ResultsOut of 195 patients recruited in our study, 127 (65.1%) were male. The mean age was 51.2 ± 14.8 years with a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 90 years, while the mean duration of HD was 4.6 ± 4.1 years. The majority of our patients had TSFT of 60 % to 90% 93 (47.7%), indicating mild to moderate depletion of fat stores and MAMC of >90 % 128 (65.6%), indicating good protein stores. Among all anthropometric measures, BMI was strongly associated with age (<0.001), while gender and duration of MHD were associated with TSFT (p <0.001).ConclusionAnthropometric measurements are easy and inexpensive bedside methods for assessing the nutritional status of ESRD patients on MHD. Our study concluded that our MHD patients have overall good nutritional status, though our young patients have low BMI and old have obesity. Male patients have weaker HGS. With the increased number of years on MHD, malnutrition increases. Our study will help to treat physicians and nutritionists for proper nutritional planning and implementation to prevent malnutrition.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease(CKD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality across the globe [1]
body mass index (BMI) was strongly associated with age (
The BMI, Mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and TSFT were evaluated according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [9]
Summary
Chronic kidney disease(CKD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality across the globe [1]. For an adult ESRD patient, the minimum dose of MHD is four hourly sessions thrice per week. In few circumstances like old age, patients with small stature and low body weight, twice per week sessions can be done. In low and middle-income countries, some centres do twice per week MHD, mainly because of the non-availability of dialysis machines and financial constraints. The ESRD disease burden, treatment difficulties, access to the dialysis facility, financial and socioeconomic status of the patient, dependency of the patient on their caretaker and the related logistic issues are all in themselves major contributors to the problematic life pattern and the reason for a high incidence of depression in ESRD MHD patients [3]
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