Assessment of the medium- to long-term radiographically confirmed outcome for juvenile dogs with hip dysplasia treated with double pelvic osteotomy.

Abstract

To assess the medium- to long-term radiographically confirmed outcomes in juvenile dogs with hip dysplasia (HD) that did and did not undergo double pelvic osteotomy (DPO). Retrospective case-controlled. Twenty-six dogs with HD that were candidates for DPO; 22 dogs underwent DPO (16 bilateral, six unilateral); four dogs did not. Initial and follow-up radiographs of DPO candidates (2011-2017) that did and did not undergo surgery were reviewed, and the British Veterinary Association and Kennel Club Hip Dysplasia Scheme score (BVA-HD), osteoarthritis score (OAS) and laxity index score (LI) were determined. Baseline and follow-up BVA-HD, OAS, and change in radiographically confirmed scores were compared by using analysis of variance for correlated samples. There was no significant difference in BVA-HD or OAS between surgically treated and nonsurgically treated cohorts at baseline. Follow-up radiographs (median, 49 months) revealed that most (34/38) hips had a BVA-HD ≤10 after DPO, while four of eight hips from the nonsurgical cohort had BVA-HD >10. Follow-up BVA-HD and OAS were lower in hips after surgery (BVA-HD median 2.15, interquartile range [Q1-Q3] 1.3-4.1; OAS median 1.9, Q1-Q3 1.1-4.1) compared with the nonsurgically treated cohort (BVA-HD median 11.4, Q1-Q3 8.1-17.5, P < .01; OAS median 7.0, Q1-Q3 5.1-13.4, P < .01). Seven hips with an LI >1 had no radiographically confirmed progression of osteoarthritis after DPO. Double pelvic osteotomy prevented radiographically confirmed progression of osteoarthritis in the medium- to long-term. Laxity index score > 1 was not a contraindication for DPO in this study. Double pelvic osteotomy prevents progression of radiographically confirmed features of osteoarthritis in juvenile dogs with HD.