Abstract
The microstructural changes of bones, which form a hierarchy of skeletal tissue, vary, depending on their condition, and are affected by the behaviors of bone cells. The purpose of this study is to assess the microstructural changes in the inner femoral surface of Sprague Dawley rats according to the conditions using a scanning electron microscope. Microstructural differences on the endocortical surface were observed in the characteristics of osteocytic canaliculi, bone fibers, and surface roughness, showing a rougher surface in old adults and an osteoporosis model by quantitative comparison. These results could be helpful for developing a basic understanding of the microstructural changes that occur on the bone surface under various conditions.
Highlights
In the human body, bone is designed to protect organs in the body, store bone marrow, and provide support for movement of the body
The femoral shaft in each model was first observed by microCT. 3D images were reconstructed by cutting the femoral shaft in half longitudinally to confirm the thickness of the femoral cortical bone (Figure 1A)
OVX and old adults (OA) were thinner than young adults (YA), suggesting that cortical thickness is affected by osteoporosis and age
Summary
Bone is designed to protect organs in the body, store bone marrow, and provide support for movement of the body. Cortical bone constitutes the outer region of bone and has a hierarchical structure, with components such as minerals and collagen. The hierarchical structure of the bone is maintained through matrix resorption and formation by cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes [3,4,5]. Should the actions of the cells in bone remodeling become unbalanced, excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts will lead to a decreased bone mineral density and result in osteoporosis [8]. In this case, the resorption cavity will gradually increase, resulting in a loss of bone mass and toughness, while inducing structural changes in the bone matrix at the microscale
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