Abstract
The semiwild population of Northern Bald Ibises (Geronticus eremita) at Birecik, Turkey, are the final representatives of the Eastern population of the species in the Middle East, apart from a few captive birds in Turkish zoos. This study took place between 2012 and 2015. Breeding is highly synchronized among the colony and incubation behavior was monitored for multiple nests throughout the day. Differences were found when incubation duty period was examined according to sex. In 2013, the incubation period varied significantly between males and females (F = 71.059, P < 0.001). The female incubated eggs for 178.42 min per day on average, while the male incubated for 233.69 min per day on average. A significant difference in incubation was determined between males and females (F = 91.260, P < 0.001) in 2014. Females sat on eggs for 188.06 min on average, while males sat on eggs for 244.13 min on average. In 2015 the incubation period varied significantly by sex, similar to previous years (F = 79.871, P < 0.001). The female incubated for 159.66 min in average, while the male incubated for 223.07 min on average.
Highlights
The Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus eremita) from the family Threskiornithidae of the order Ciconiiformes is known for its completely black feathers (Figure 1) (Cramp and Simmons, 1998)
Similar problems apply to the Northern Bald Ibis, which have spread across large areas in the Middle East
During the years when they naturally lived in Birecik, Northern Bald Ibises were found to come to their nest sites with their partners (Şahin, 1980; Sahin, 1982)
Summary
The Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus eremita) from the family Threskiornithidae of the order Ciconiiformes is known for its completely black feathers (Figure 1) (Cramp and Simmons, 1998). In order to save the decreasing population in Birecik, a breeding station for Northern Bald Ibises was established in 1977 (Arıhan, 1998). The nesting female stays with her partner during such fighting and supports him They cannot protect their nests against tyrannous males alone. Among the Northern Bald Ibis breeding naturally in Morocco, males arrive to the potential nesting place first and advertise the site to the females. During the years when they naturally lived in Birecik, Northern Bald Ibises were found to come to their nest sites with their partners (Şahin, 1980; Sahin, 1982). A behavior of placing materials in the nest while maintaining partner relations has been observed, as well as the female and male staying in the nest together. It was determined that the partners stay together for an average of 136 min per day before incubation (Kılıç et al, 2015)
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