ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOECOLOGICAL SITUATION WITHIN THE SMALL DRAINS IN THE YASELDA RIVER BASIN

Abstract

The main topic of research is the drainage basins of small rivers, which in recent years have become objects of close attention due to the high degree of their transformation associated with significant anthropogenic loads. The article presents a methodology for geoecological analysis of anthropogenic loads on the catchments of small rivers, an assessment of the degree of natural protection of the territory and a comprehensive description of the ecological state of the Yaselda river basin using GIS technologies. The paper considers the results of the study of the geoecological state of small catchments by assessing various indicators of the natural protection of the territory and factors of anthropogenic load. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodology for assessing the geoecological situation of small catchments of the rivers of the Belarusian Polesye on the basis of a matrix of attributive indicators, which allows, taking into account generalized point estimates, to identify categories of lands with different geoecological situations. As a result of the research, a hydrographic zoning of the river basin was carried out. Yaselda, eight small private catchments (sub-basins) were identified, cartographic material was digitized, statistical data were collected, a database was created on various physical-geographical, socio-economic and ecological-hydrographic indicators. In this work, for the first time, the natural resource potential of small catchments of the Yaselda river basin is studied and presented, the natural environment-forming factors are assessed, and the main anthropogenic factors are identified, their qualitative and quantitative characteristics are carried out.