Assessment of the genetic potential of new source materials of sugar beet of hybrid origin in the breeding of O-lines by root shape

Abstract

Purpose. To create new source materials of sugar beet through hybridization with fodder beet and select the best ones for using in further breeding process aimed at obtaining combinational capable pollinator lines (O-types) with improved characteristics of root shape, high sugar content and high technological qualities. Methods. Field, laboratory, analytical, and statistical. Results. Eight hybrids of sugar-fodder type and their initial forms have been investigated in terms of their productivity characteristics of and technological qualities. It was found that the root yield of sugar-fodder beet hybrids exceeded the average values of parent lines (O-types) by 35.1 %, the sugar content was lower by 22.7 %, the content of ash increased by 38.6 %. The root yield of sugar-fodder beet hybrids was characterized by an intermediate type of inheritance (hp = 0.09–0.46) and positive dominance (hp = 0.60–0.88). The sugar content of roots and the content of ash in these materials showed an intermediate type of inheritance of characteristics with hp values ranged from -0.50 to ‑0.07 and -0.31 to 0.02, respectively. The roots had oval-conical shape, smooth surface and a shallow ridge, partly above the surface of the soil. Conclusions. Six breeding numbers of high yielding sugar-fodder beet hybrids of improved shape have been selected. The character of the inheritance of the signs of productivity and technological qualities of raw materials was found. Using these data in the breeding process will make it possible to apply various inbreeding and hybridization schemes to select the best genotypes for creating sterility maintainers of oval-conical root shape, increased sugar content and improved technological qualities.