Assessment of the functional efficacy of root canal treatment with high-frequency waves in rats.

Saori Matsui,Mikako Hayashi,Shigeyuki Ebisu,Takuya Ishimoto,Yuichiro Noiri,Hazuki Maezono,Katsutaka Kuremoto,Takayoshi Nakano,Hiromichi Yumoto,Naomichi Yoneda,Sompop Bencharit

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239660

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a high-frequency wave therapy model in rats and to investigate the influence of high-frequency waves on root canal treatment, which may provide a novel strategy for treating apical periodontitis. Root canal treatments with and without high-frequency wave irradiation were performed on the mandibular first molars of 10-week-old male Wistar rats. The mesial roots were evaluated radiologically, bacteriologically, and immunohistochemically. At 3 weeks after root canal treatment, lesion volume had decreased significantly more in the irradiated group than in the non-irradiated group, indicating successful development of the high-frequency therapy model. The use of high-frequency waves provided no additional bactericidal effect after root canal treatment. However, high-frequency wave irradiation was found to promote healing of periapical lesions on the host side through increased expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 and transforming growth factor-β1 and could therefore be useful as an adjuvant nonsurgical treatment for apical periodontitis.

Highlights

Apical periodontitis is a disease caused by bacterial infection in the root canal system [1]
This study focused on high-frequency wave (HFW) apical therapy, an adjuvant nonsurgical treatment for apical periodontitis
The current study investigated the adjuvant effect of HFW irradiation in the nonsurgical treatment of apical periodontitis, which consisted of mechanical removal and chemical cleaning of the source of infection

Summary

Introduction

Apical periodontitis is a disease caused by bacterial infection in the root canal system [1]. Treatment methods for apical periodontitis include mechanical removal of the infection source in the root canal; chemical cleaning of the root canal with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); and dense, hermetically sealed obturation. Root canal treatment (RCT) can fail due to the anatomical complexity of the root canal system, which includes lateral branches and isthmuses [2], and extraradicular biofilms [3,4,5,6], which make it difficult to completely remove the source of bacterial infection [7]. Root canal treatment with high-frequency waves in rats

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion