Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess and differentiate between the externalities imposed on people living in rural and urban areas of Russia. The hypothesis of the study is that people living in areas with different levels of urbanization have different views on the pros and cons of mass car ownership. As a result of this study, various types of the positive and negative external effects of mass car ownership were identified. A survey was conducted on people living in Sverdlovsk Region to assess the externalities. The survey was conducted in October 2018. For the purposes of analysis, the filled questionnaires were divided on the basis of car ownership. Of the 390 respondents aged 18 and above, 62% had a car and 38% did not. The main differentiation factor in the perception of the effects is the respondents’ place of residence. A relationship was proven between the size of the place of residence and the score that the respondents gave to the positive and negative effects of mass car ownership: the smaller the area, the higher they appreciate the positive effects and the lower score they give to the negative effects of mass car ownership. Consequently, the bigger the settlement where the respondents live, the smaller score they give to the positive effects and the bigger emphasis they place on the negative effects of mass car ownership. The assessment of externalities can be used to justify the amount of transport payments in urban and rural areas.
Highlights
The fact that today a large part of the population owns a car could be viewed as one of the most vivid characteristics of the modern world
The purpose of this study is to assess and differentiate between the externalities imposed on people living in rural and urban areas of Russia
A survey was conducted on people living in Sverdlovsk Region to assess the externalities
Summary
The fact that today a large part of the population owns a car could be viewed as one of the most vivid characteristics of the modern world. In different countries the process of car ownership growth took place during different periods and at a different pace. In the US, the car ownership rate skyrocketed in the 1930s. In Western Europe, mass ownership became common in the 1950s-1970s. In Russia, the trend took shape much later, in the mid-1990s. Growth in private car ownership has somewhat slowed down, but it has not stopped [1]
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