Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Pas-senger Road Transport Fleet in Ukraine

Abstract

Abstract. Problem. Nowadays, the global transport system is still highly dependent on fossil fuels like light oil products, diesel fuel, and gas. This makes it difficult to solve the well-known global problems of the 21st century which are environmental pollution and climate change. In Ukraine, the transport sector remains among the main emitters of greenhouse gases which causes the need to estimate the current situation in fuel consumption and emissions by road transport to get an understanding of the ways to deal with the problem. Because of the high difficulty of this question, it was decided to split it up into two parts which relate to freight and passenger transportation. This paper is aimed to address the latter. Goal. The goal of the paper is to develop an approach to assess the environmental impact of road passenger transport in Ukraine based on corresponding state-of-the-art European methodologies for the estimation of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Methodology. Provided that there are no open sources with up-to-date information on passenger transport fleet, the regression model based on retrospective state statistical data was used to estimate the number of passenger cars and buses in the country. To calculate their fuel consumption and emissions, the approach based mainly on HDM-4 model was applied. Results. The developed approach allowed determining total fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions for the passenger road transport fleet in Ukraine. Originality For the first time, the approximate up-to-date environmental impact of the entire passenger road transport fleet in the transport system of Ukraine was obtained. Practical value. The estimated volumes of total fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are a good basis for developing a national transport policy aimed to improve the ecological parameters and the composition of the passenger road transport fleet.