Abstract
The biological and dietary value of the plant-based milk analogue from fenugreek seeds is investigated. The amino acid composition is determined by liquid-column ion exchange chromatography. The completion of protein is tested by its comparison with the amino acid composition of the reference protein, determined by the recommendations of the FAO/WHO expert committee. The amino acid score and the biological value is determined by the computation method. It is found that the plant-based milk analogue from fenugreek seeds contains a significant quantity of essential amino acids, with the largest share of leucine and valine. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid and arginine occupy the largest share among the non-essential amino acids in the plant-based milk analogue from fenugreek seeds. The biological value of proteins in the milk analogue from fenugreek seeds makes 96%, having the high compliance with the biological value of a soya drink (96.4%). This is positive, because soy is considered to be the closest in protein content and amino acid composition to traditional milk proteins. Therefore, the derived data confirm that fenugreek seeds are applicable as a plant-based source of protein for the expansion of the assortment of food products made of fenugreek seeds, both in the mass-scale consumption and for persons with special needs (in particular the patients with sugar diabetes and intolerance of milk protein).
Highlights
Shortage of protein foods in the human diet is a distinctive feature of the latest time, resulting in the increasing occurrences of protein energy failures [1]
This test of the amino acid composition shows that the plant-based milk analogue from fenugreek seeds contains a considerable number of essential amino acids, in which the largest part is with leucine (0,63 g/100 g) and valine (0,43 g/100 g), which have important biological effects
Leucine helps reduce the level of sugar in blood, which confirms the usefulness of consumption of the plant-based milk analogue from fenugreek seeds by patients with sugar diabetes
Summary
Shortage of protein foods in the human diet is a distinctive feature of the latest time, resulting in the increasing occurrences of protein energy failures [1]. This causes the growing number of various deceases related with protein deficit, such as the depressed function of pituitary-adrenal system, weakened processes of decrease of the function of thyroid gland, metabolic failures, slowing of child’s grow etc. According to the WHO, nearly 75% of the global population has lactose intolerance with varying degrees of severity. This pathology occurs mostly in counties of Asia, Africa (90% of the population), South Europe (70%), and South America. In Ukraine, according to various researches, lactose intolerance has been diagnosed in nearly 16% of the population [5]
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