Assessment of the Correlation between Insertion Torque and Resonance Frequency Analysis of Implants placed in Bone Tissue of Different Densities

Abstract

Abstract The primary stability of a dental implant is fundamental for the osseointegration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the correlation between insertion torque (IT) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of implants placed in the mandible and maxilla of different bone densities. Eighty dental implants were placed in the maxilla and mandible and IT and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured at the time of implant insertion. Bone density was assessed subjectively by the Lekholm and Zarb index (1985). The Type I and II densities were grouped together (Group A) and Type III and IV densities in another group (Group B). The IT in Group A was higher (student-t Test, p=0.0013) than IT in Group B (46.27 + 18.51 N/cm, 33.62 + 14.74 N/cm, respectively). The implants placed in Group A showed higher ISQ (student-t Test, p=0.0004) than those placed in Group B (70.09 + 7.50, 63.66 + 8.00, respectively). A significant correlation between IT and the ISQ value was observed for Group A (Pearson correlation test; r= 0.35; p= 0.0213) and for Group B (r= 0.37; p= 0.0224). Within the limitations of this study, it was possible to conclude that there is a correlation between IT and RFA of implants placed in the mandible and maxilla of different bone densities.