Assessment of the contamination level of bottom sediments of Amursky Bay (Sea of Japan) and their potential toxicity

Abstract

The contamination of surface bottom sediments of the Amursky Bay (the Sea of Japan) and their potential toxicity were assessed by the computation of contamination indexes and the ecological risk index, as well as by comparison of the concentrations of toxicants in the sediments with the sediment quality guidelines (SQD) values adopted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It was shown that sediments from the coastal zone of Amursky Bay adjacent to the Vladivostok City were the most contaminated. The organochlorine pesticide DDT and such heavy metals as zinc, copper, and nickel were major inputs to the potential toxicity of the sediments. Linear regression analysis revealed positive, although not always significant, correlations between the ecological risk index and quotients characterizing the level of pathological changes in the gonads and the number of anomalies in the development of progeny of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. The obtained data array enables us to conclude that contamination of bottom sediments by heavy metals and DDT causes great risk for the reproduction of S. intermedius and other benthic invertebrates in the coastal part of Amursky Bay adjoining the city.